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St Anne or Saint Anne is the capital and the main town of Alderney in the Channel Islands, located about off the coast of Auderville in the Manche department of the Basse-Normandie region of north-western France. As of 2010, it has an estimated population of 2,000, compared to an estimated 2,400 who actually live on the island; they have traditional names such as "vaques" (French for ''cows'') and "lapins" (French for ''rabbits'', given after the rabbits found in the island).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Mignot Memorial Hospital, Alderney )〕 The town has the old world charm of a French town with its cobbled streets, picturesque cottages, restaurants and pubs. It dominates much of the island, almost extending up to the Braye Harbour to its north, which is the main port of entry to the island and the town. It is located on a high ground at the centre of the island on the northwest direction. Victoria Street, founded in 1836 and serving as the town's main thoroughfare, is the commercial hub with shops, pubs and restaurants, along with banking and post office services flanking both sides of the street. The town hall is an impressive building and the museum presents pictures of the island with dramatic presentation of its military history; the town and the island having earned the epithet "Gibraltar of the Channel" during war time. France is seen from here, as it is only away from the island.〔 The ''Alderney Journal'', the locally produced newspaper, has an office on Ollivier Street.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Contact the Journal )〕 The Luftwaffe command bunker and tower and the German naval tactical headquarters were both located in St Anne during World War II.〔Stephenson, p. 38〕 St Anne is also the name of the only parish (Church of England) in the island. The ancient parish church dedicated to the Virgin Mary, which was at the lower end of the main street, fell into ruins and was replaced in the late 1580s by a chapel of St. Anne. The parish church of St. Anne was renovated in 1850. After World War II, the church was renovated again. ==History== The founding of St Anne can be traced to the 15th century. During World War II, in the period between 1940 and 1945, Germans occupied the entire island, with their headquarters and military establishments located at St. Anne. The island's entire population, including that of the town, was evacuated before the islands were invaded in 1940. The Germans converted the place into a concentration camp; the labour force of 6,000 suffered untold miseries and many fatalities.〔 During this period the island and the town became a German fort. The Luftwaffe built a bunker and tower in the town. The tower, known as a "water tower", was a multistorey structure which housed the Headquarters of the German Defence Forces of Army, Navy and Air Force. All these units had their own establishments with bunkers and reinforced structures, each with independent telecommunication network facilities. The defence system featured a network of tunnels dug in the several islands, including Jersey, Guernsey and Alderney. Within Alderney, nine such tunnels connected all the fortifications, with the headquarters centred at St Anne. These tunnels had a clear rock cover of , which made them impregnable to aerial bombing. Though there is an associated eeriness with the war time fortifications, they have established their own importance by creating a close knit community who live in peace and enjoy their life in the present.〔 The court house in New Street, also used for sittings of the States of Alderney, dates originally from 1850. The court room was destroyed by the German occupying forces but rebuilt in 1955. Alderney's records were mostly destroyed during World War II, but Family History Volunteers have compiled all of the available records, both civil (except censuses) and ecclesiastical, and have contacted those persons who could provide further information. Several hundred families in various regions of the island, with genealogies tracing to the 1800s, have been categorized as old Alderney families, Breakwater families and others, with family names of Duplain, Gaudion, Hougez, Le Vallée, Ollivier, Pezet, Audoire, Batiste, Barbenson and Renier, Le Cocq, Le Mesurier, Sebire and Simon. As the island was re-surveyed after the German Occupation, no land records are available for the period before 1945, although baptism registers since 1662 have been located from several sources.〔 British Pound and Guernsey Pound are the legal tender on the island. Commemorative coins of Alderney have been issued since 1989. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Saint Anne, Alderney」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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